Probate online Archives

Best Guide to Transfer Ownership of a Property after Death in the UK

Posted on April 14, 2022 by Vive Kumar Singh

When a relative or friend dies, there may be a property that is part of the estate which has been left in the will to a beneficiary or needs to be sold. The property’s ownership will need to be transferred to either the co-owner, usually a spouse or civil partner, if in both of their names, transferred to the new owner if being sold, or transferred to the beneficiary.

Transferring ownership is changing the name of the owner on the property’s Title Deeds. Different situations, such as whether there is a will or not, and whether the property is tenanted, require different documentation. Here are the steps you need to take to transfer ownership of a property after death.

Transferring a property with or without a will

To transfer ownership of a property after death to a new name is known as a title transfer. However, the process depends on whether the deceased left a will or not. If there is a will, the title transfer will be handled by the executor(s) of the will according to the deceased’s wishes when they have received a Grant of Probate. If there is no will, the Rules of Intestacy will apply, which detail who is allowed to inherit from the estate, and thereby the property, i.e. succession laws, but this cannot happen until Letters of Administration have been granted by the court and an ‘administrator’ appointed.

To transfer the ownership, the executor(s) or administrator of the estate needs complete two forms that are sent to Land Registry, which are:

Form AS1 – this form represents the whole of the registered property title and confirms that you, as executor(s) or administrator(s) of the deceased’s estate approve the transfer of the property to the beneficiary, or beneficiaries.
Form AP1 – this form is the Change of Register that the Land Registry uses to complete the transfer.
Form TRI – if the property is being sold, this form is used by conveyancers to transfer ownership of the property to the buyers. This form registers the property with the Land Registry. However, if only part of the registered title is being transferred, i.e. to a new joint owner, use Form TP1.

A certified or sealed copy of the Grant of Representation – which is the Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration, a copy of the official death certificate and, in some cases, a copy of the will – must also be sent to the Land Registry with the forms.

Whilst you don’t necessarily need a solicitor to transfer ownership of a property after death, once the new title deeds of the property have been issued by Land Registry, you will need a notary – a qualified lawyer specialising in property law or probate – as they will need to ‘notarize’ the new deeds. Essentially, they act as a legal witness to you signing the deeds, and any accompanying documents, and once signed, they will add a seal to your title deeds indicating the signature is official and legal.

Transferring ownership of a property in joint names

If the property is owned with another person, usually a spouse or civil partner, the property is automatically inherited by the surviving spouse/civil partner, which is called the Right of Survivorship. Although the property’s title deeds already have the joint owners’ (joint tenants) names on the deeds, you will still need to notify the Land Registry of the change in circumstances using the Deceased Joint Proprietor form. This will need to be sent to the Land Registry along with a copy of the official death certificate.

If there is a mortgage on the property, whoever inherits the property also inherits the mortgage. In this situation, the beneficiary must get permission from the mortgage provider to transfer the property into a sole name. They will assess your ability to pay the mortgage repayments before granting permission.

The property may have been owned by joint owners whereby each owner had a share in the property. Known as Tenants in Common, one owner is entitled to leave their share of the property to someone other than the other joint owner, or in accordance with the Rules of Intestacy if there is no will.

Is there a cost to transfer ownership of a property?

Yes, there is a minimal charge to transfer the ownership of a property after death. In some cases, a stamp duty tax is also applied if the property is valued at over £125,000. The costs involved are:

Land Registry fee – how much you pay Land Registry to transfer the property into a new name depends on the circumstances, but it is currently £40 minimum.
Joint owners fee – for those that are going to be joint owners of more than one property, i.e. the beneficiary already jointly owns one property and the transferred property will also be jointly owned, there is an additional Land Registry fee of up to £150.
Notary’s fee – you will also need to pay the notary for witnessing your signature, sealing and notarizing the new title deeds of the property. How much you pay will depend on the notary or complete package service you use.
Register the deed – following notarization, you may have to pay another small fee to the Land Registry to officially register the title deed with them.

There is no law to say that you must remove the deceased’s name from the title deeds of inherited property. However, it is recommended to keep the Land Registry up-to-date with any changes of ownership to ensure any future transactions with that property are accurate; for example, if you wanted to sell the property at a later date, transferring ownership to the buyers will be a simpler process for the conveyancers. It is also a good way to avoid being the victim of any scams or fraudulent activity as the Land Registry will be able to track the accurate ownership of the property.

At Probates Online, we offer a complete property title change of ownership service including acting as a notary of the titled deeds. We also provide a will writing service or a Complete Estate Service to help you through the probate process and estate administration upon the death of a loved one. If you are looking for advice on inheritance tax, gifts or trusts, or need to apply for Grant of Probate, Letters of Administration or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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Benefits of Using a Will Writing Service in 2022 in the United Kingdom

Posted on March 13, 2022 by Vive Kumar Singh

The pandemic over the past couple of years has certainly highlighted the need to have a will written that details who will be administering your estate should you pass, and who you would like to receive your estate.

Whilst it was reported that there had been a 75% increase in the number of enquiries about a will writing service, new research shows that 61% of adults in the UK do not have a will – that equates to around 30 million people.

The reasons for not having a will are varied, such as cost or the belief that they don’t need a will. But one of the top five reasons is because people don’t know where or how to start writing their will. This is where a will writing service can help you understand your assets and know what needs to be considered in your will.

Why do I need a will?

Let’s start with a question we hear regularly, why do you need a will? Whether you’re in your 20s or 50s, the importance of writing a will is the same. A will can help ensure your loved ones are protected and your estate is dealt with in the way you wish upon your death.

A will is a legal document that sets out your wishes, from the type of funeral you’d like to how you want your estate handled, who raises your children, as well as who inherits your possessions and assets. Because it is a legally-binding document, it is important that it is set out and prepared correctly or it could be considered invalid and your family may be in the position of being unclear of your wishes.

The main reasons for making a will are:

To ensure your family and/or children are financially provided for when you die.
To name a guardian for your children if they are under the age of 18 years.
To provide for other dependents, such as step-children. The law states that only spouses or blood relatives may automatically inherit if there is no will.
To protect your partner if you are not married. The law does not take into consideration the length of time you have been together.
To protect your family home. If it is in your name, your partner (if not married) and any step-children are not automatically entitled to inherit the property.
To avoid family disputes – this may happen if there is no will or if the will is not clear and is contested.
To avoid your family paying too much inheritance tax on your estate.
To protect a subsequent family should you divorce and remarry. It must be remembered that just because you are divorced, this does not override your will so your ex-partner could still inherit from your estate.
To make your own decision on who administers your estate, i.e. your executor(s), although it is only fair to ask them in advance of naming them in your will.
To express your wishes on who looks after your pets and ensure they are provided for.
To protect any digital assets you may have, which also includes your email and/or social media accounts – you can set out your wishes, such as protect the information or have them deleted/destroyed.
To leave a gift in support of your favourite charity.

Why use a will writing service?

Of course, you are entitled to write your own will; will writing packs are available to buy. However, if you want to make sure that your will is written and prepared correctly, or if you have a large, complex estate, it is highly recommended that you use a will writing service.

There is a general misconception that only a solicitor is able to write a will on your behalf. In reality, that’s not true. An accountant is also able to write a will or you can use a specialist professional will writing service, particularly if you’re not sure how wills work or what needs to be included.

There are a variety of benefits to using a will writing service including:

Will writers are there to provide professional advice and support as well as answer any queries you may have.
Ensure your will is legally binding to avoid any disputes between members of your family, including making sure it is signed and witnessed correctly.
Prompt you when it is time to review and/or update your will should your circumstances change. People’s situations change as they grow older so, it is a good idea to review your will on a regular basis to make sure it still reflects your wishes, is still valid, and encompasses all of your estate.
To make sure your will abides by any recent changes to rules and regulations surrounding wills and estate planning, such as the way inheritance tax is reported from 1^st January 2022, the rise in the cost of the probate fee, and the rules around remote witnessing of wills which is no longer allowed.
Provide advice on who to choose as your executor(s) or they are able to take on the role of executor of your will, thereby avoiding any conflict of interest should your executor also be a beneficiary.
They are able to better manage and advise on how to write a will for large, complex estates including overseas investments and business assets.
Ensure that all areas of your estate have been considered including any funeral instructions, gifts to charity, your beneficiaries, care of your pets, guardians for your children and any smaller, more sentimental items.
They are able to look after your will, as well as important documents, such as title deeds, or know where they can be found.
Help you determine a value for your estate’s assets, such as cars, property or art, should it be needed for tax purposes.

You might think that because you are young, unmarried and have no children that you don’t need a will. However, you still have assets; like a car, jewellery, possessions, money in the bank, insurance policies, a pension and possibly a life insurance policy, too. By ensuring you have a legally binding will written by a will writing service, you can be sure that your wishes will be adhered to should you die. If you are older, are married and do have children, the sooner you make a will the more peace of mind you have.

At Probates Online, we offer a will writing service or a Complete Estate Service to help you through the probate process and estate administration upon the death of a loved one. If you are looking for advice on inheritance tax, gifts or trusts, or need to apply for Grant of Probate, Letters of Administration or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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Benefits of a Complete Estate Service at Probates Online

Posted on February 17, 2022 by Vive Kumar Singh

Managing the estate of a loved one, a friend or a colleague, whether you are a spouse, family member or executor of the will (if there is a will), can be challenging. There are so many aspects to consider, paperwork to complete, tax obligations to pay; and that’s on top of having to make funeral arrangements and distribute assets to beneficiaries.

If the deceased left a detailed will and estate plan that sets out their wishes and how they want their estate to be distributed, the process should be fairly simple. However, in most cases, even if a will has been left, there are other factors that can be difficult to understand.

Hiring our complete estate service will relieve the burden and offer all the assistance you need. Whether you or the executor has already obtained Grant of Probate or not, when you use our complete estate service you remain the executor; we just administer the entire estate on your behalf.

Our Complete Estate Service

From the day we take your instructions, we are acting on your behalf. Our service goes beyond just handling the paperwork. Our service covers:

Confirm the eligibility of the executors and apply for Grant of Probate (if required).
Review the validity of the will and other related documents, like an estate plan.
Consider inheritance tax reliefs potentially applicable to the estate.
Assess the nature, extent and value of the estate’s assets and liabilities for inheritance tax purposes.
Liaise with HMRC regarding the valuations of the estate’s assets and/or liabilities that we have supplied or retrieved.
Collect the estate’s assets, close accounts and discharge any liabilities of the estate.
Liaise with asset holders on your behalf.
Arrange insurances for any property that needs to be safeguarded during the administration period.
Liaise with the Department for Works & Pensions regarding any liability arising from overpaid benefits or the ineligibility of benefits due to an oversight in providing full disclosure of capital or income.
Liaise with charities and their designated offices on your behalf (if required).
Discuss with HMRC the basis of calculation of any past, current or future liability for inheritance tax, capital gains tax, income tax or any other taxes following application for probate.
Arrange for any statutory notices required to be published in The Gazette and local newspapers to protect you from any challenges to the estate (the advert fees are charged at cost).
Arrange for the final distribution of the estate to entitled beneficiaries.
Prepare final estate accounts covering the period of estate administration.
Stop any unwanted mail addressed to the deceased and safeguard against identity theft.

At all times, we will keep you fully updated on the administration process and are always on hand to provide with support and advice. It is worth noting at this point that there are some situations that are not covered by our complete estate service, including:

A dispute about the will or questions on its validity;
A beneficiary being left out of a will deliberately by the deceased and they want to make a claim;
Assets held in a trust or the will states that a trust must be created;
An insolvent or bankrupt estate;
The deceased either lived abroad or died abroad; and
The estate includes property or assets that are foreign to the UK.

However, we are able to investigate and handle these matters on your behalf, if required.

Benefits of using an estate administration service

There are a variety of benefits to using an estate administration service, including:

They will help shoulder the burden of managing the deceased’s estate.
They are specialist probate solicitors who thoroughly understand administration process.
They are legal professionals and will understand the legal jargon that is used in much of the documentation.
They are able to liaise with HMRC, insurance companies, pension providers and other representatives in settling any liabilities attributed to the estate. This includes closing any relevant accounts and obtaining life insurance funds on your behalf.
They fully understand the different tax liabilities that an estate incurs, including any potential tax reliefs that can be applied to reduce the tax burden.
They will complete and file all the necessary documentation on your behalf, including applying for Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration (if no will has been left by the deceased).
They will ensure that all the relevant tax exemptions and reliefs have been applied, that HMRC’s tax calculations are accurate and ensure payment deadlines are met.
They will collect all the estate’s assets, obtain valuations (if necessary), and distribute the assets in accordance with the deceased’s wishes in their will. If no will has been left, they will organise the equal distribution between family members.
They will prepare and submit final estate accounts that details all estate transactions/payments, assets sold and distributed, debts settled and other related costs.

Probate can be a time consuming, lengthy process, sometimes taking as long as a year or more depending on the complexity of the deceased’s estate. Whilst you and the executors are entitled to manage the administration by yourself, any mistakes made in tax calculations or incorrect information on documentation will not only delay probate, you or the executor could be held financially or legally responsible for the error.

As well as supporting you throughout the probate process, we are also able to advise on any other legal matters relating to the deceased and their estate.

When you use our Complete Estate Service, our specialist probate solicitors will take responsibility for their work, relieving you from any legal or financial burden.

At Probates Online, we offer a Complete Estate Service to help you through the probate process and estate administration upon the death of a loved one. If you are looking for advice on inheritance tax, gifts or trusts, or need to apply for Grant of Probate, Letters of Administration or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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Types of Wills – Which Type of Will Do You Need?

Posted on January 14, 2022 by Vive Kumar Singh

The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted many aspects of our lives, none more so than the need for making a will. However, the latest research from Canada Life shows that 59% of UK adults have not written a will – that’s 31 million people whose estate could end up in the hands of someone not of their choosing.

But when it comes to writing your will, it can be hard to know which type of will you need as there are four different types of will in the UK – single, joint (mirror), living and trust wills. So let’s take a closer look at the different types of will, what they should include and which one is right for you.

Do I need a will?

First, let’s answer a common question. In a nutshell, yes, you do need a will if you want to decide who gets what from your estate on your death. But that’s not the only reason; a will can also be used to ensure that should you not be able to take care of yourself and make your own decisions at some point in life, your affairs and wishes are taken care of during your lifetime.

A last will and testament is one of the most important documents in your estate planning and it is up to you who benefits from your estate, and who manages the distribution of your estate when you die.

Types of Will

Different types of will have different purposes; wills are drawn up to not only cover how your assets are distributed upon your death but can also include your funeral plans, the beneficiaries for any special items or sentimental or personal value – such as family heirlooms – and some wills also cater for your healthcare wishes if you are incapacitated and are unable to make your own decisions. Which will is suitable for your needs depends on your circumstances.

Single (simple) will – probably the most well-known, common will that is used by an individual that details their wishes upon their death. It can be used by anyone that is single, divorced or in a relationship where their wishes are different to that of their partner/spouse. This type of will is also used by people that have children from a previous relationship and wish to divide their estate between children/spouses from both relationships. However, in these circumstances, you may find that a trust will is more appropriate.
Joint (mirror) wills – this type of will is for couples, whether it is your spouse, your civil partner or the person with whom you have a long-term relationship, that have the same wishes upon their death, hence the term ‘mirror’. Whilst two wills are drawn up by your solicitor (or yourself), the wills are almost identical. There are several things to be aware of if you decide to have a joint will:
- Upon the death of one spouse, the entire deceased’s estate passes to the surviving spouse.
- Upon the death of the surviving spouse, the estate is distributed in accordance with the joint wishes specified in the will. This could create a problem should the surviving spouse remarry or commit to another long-term relationship as any step-children will be omitted, or there are children from a previous marriage.
- There has to be an element of trust between spouses/civil partners as there is no guarantee an estate will be passed on to the people you wish.
- Because the two documents of the will are drawn up at the same time, either party is entitled to change their will at any time and they legally do not have to advise the other party of the change. Therefore, you may find that a trust will is a better option.
Trust wills – there are several different types of trust wills, depending on your needs, and they provide greater flexibility over who benefits from your estate, which can be broken down into property and assets. A trust will can also detail how the estate is managed upon your death if the beneficiaries are below a certain age, and your wishes in terms of your healthcare and welfare[1] .
- Discretionary trust wills – this type of will puts a proportion of, or the entire estate into a trust that is managed by your appointed trustees upon your death. A discretionary trust will name the beneficiaries of the trust, which may be receiving an income from the trust until the beneficiary reaches a certain age or to look after a beneficiary’s health and welfare, such as a child or adult with a disability. The trustees must manage and administer the trust according to your wishes, although they do have some discretion. In addition, it can protect beneficiaries from paying too much tax and from creditors should a beneficiary be in severe debt.
- Property trust wills – this type of trust will work in a similar way to a discretionary trust will but holds your property (or properties) in a trust from which a beneficiary can receive an income. For example, a surviving spouse would receive an income from the property trust and also be able to continue to live in the property but on their death, the assets pass to other beneficiaries as stated in the trust will.
- Flexible Life Interest trust will – again, this is similar to the other types of trust will but provides greater flexibility in providing an income from the assets protected in the trust. Therefore, should you have a spouse that needs ongoing care or there are care home fees to pay, the trustees have greater control on how and when the trust funds are released. Whilst these types of trust do protect from Inheritance Tax, both Capital Gains Tax and Income tax will still apply.
Living will – lastly is the Living will which is also known as Advance Decisions because this type of will details any care and medical treatment you may require in the future, should you be in a position where you can’t make those decisions for yourself. This can include life-support, being put on a ventilator or CPR as well as treatment for long-term illnesses, such as Parkinson’s or cancer.

All wills must be signed by the testator (the person making the will) in front of at least two witnesses, who will also sign the document as confirmation they have seen the testator signing the will.

As well as the above types of will, which are the most common, there are also two other types – holographic wills are handwritten wills and oral wills, which are also called ‘nuncupative’ wills.

At Probates Online, we are able to offer a professional probate service online that is efficient and affordable. If you are an Executor of a will and need to apply for Grant of Probate, Letters of Administration or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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What Is the Process to Obtain Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration?

Posted on December 27, 2021 by Vive Kumar Singh

When someone dies, whether there is a will or not, the executor of the will or a family member will need to apply to the court for Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration. This gives them the authority to handle the deceased’s estate including all the necessary financial and property aspects.

However, sometimes probate must be applied for, in some cases it is not needed and in other circumstances, Letters of Administration will be required instead of probate. So, what is the process to obtain a Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration?

When is probate necessary?

First, let’s just clarify when probate is necessary. The general rule is that if the value of the deceased’s estate is more than £5,000, Grant of Probate is required.

If there is a will, it is the appointed executor’s role to apply for probate but if there is no will or executor, the next of kin or a family member representing the deceased will need to apply for Letters of Administration. This grants them the authority to handle the deceased’s estate and they will be called the administrator.

Other circumstances where Letters of Administration are required are:

● One person has been left the entire estate;
● There are no executors named in the will;
● The named executors are not prepared to accept the role.

Only an executor of the estate can apply for a Grant of Probate. If there is no executor, the next of kin or a close relative must apply for Letters of Administration in order to manage the deceased’s estate.

When is probate not necessary?

Let’s quickly explain when you don’t need to apply for a Grant of Probate. As a rule, if the majority of the deceased’s estate is jointly owned with their living spouse or civil partner, such as joint bank accounts or a mortgage, they may not need to apply for Grant of Probate. Other circumstances when probate is not necessary are:

● The estate is valued at less than £10,000 and there are no shares or land as part of the estate. If the estate is particularly small and there is only a token amount in a bank account, the bank has the discretion as to whether they need Grant of Probate to release the funds.
● If any money, i.e. bank accounts, or property are owned jointly with a living spouse or civil partner.

The process to obtain Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration

Once the death has been registered (which must be within five days), applications for Grant of Probate must be submitted to the court within six months. This is not because there is a time limit on applying for probate; it is because there is a time limit on paying HMRC any Inheritance Tax that may be due. In practice, reporting the estate’s value to HMRC and applying for probate is usually done at the same time, as both are needed to finalise the deceased’s estate.

Whether there is a will or not, the process to obtain a Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration is similar. The first step is to itemise the deceased’s estate and calculate its value. This will include any money in their bank or building society accounts, the value of the deceased’s belongings and any property held in the deceased’s name (even if it is in joint names, the value still needs to be ascertained). You will need to consider:

● Bank accounts, pension funds and any other financial assets, such as mortgage on a property, savings and life assurance policies
● Any property, whether in joint names or not, will need to be valued by a local estate agent. It is always worth getting three to four valuations.
● Any outstanding debts, such as utilities, mortgage payments, credit cards, loans or any other monies owed by the deceased
● Any gifts the deceased made that are above the official allowance within the previous seven years (not including Christmas, birthday or anniversary gifts) – they may be subject to Inheritance Tax.

In most cases, you will need a copy of the death certificate and/or will be sent
to the relevant organisations.

Applying for probate can either be done through a solicitor, particularly if a solicitor holds the deceased’s will, a family solicitor, or you can file for probate yourself online. If there is a will, you will need the following to apply for probate:

● An official copy of the death certificate (if applying online, this will be a scanned image);
● The original will;
● The application fee.

One thing to note is that you can only apply for probate online if:

● All the named executors are alive and able to make decisions; and
● The deceased spent most of their life in England and Wales.

The actual process to obtain Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration is:

● Register the death to receive the death certificate
● Advise beneficiaries and notify the companies the deceased dealt with, including banks, insurance companies, mortgage providers and utility providers. Ask them to close the deceased’s account, stop any additional charges and send a final statement.
● Submit Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration forms along with HMRC’s inheritance tax forms. All of these forms can be submitted online but you will need to send some original documents, such as the will and death certificate.
● Pay inheritance tax to HMRC, if applicable. In most cases, surviving spouses/civil partners or family members will need to get a loan to cover this cost until the deceased’s estate has released the assets.
● Pay any outstanding debt, such as utility bills, credit card balances, loans or mortgages. If there aren’t sufficient funds to cover these costs, discuss with the creditor to arrange a repayment agreement.
● If there’s life insurance, now’s the time to claim as this may be enough to cover any outstanding debts and funeral costs
● Allocate the estate’s assets to the beneficiaries according to the deceased’s wishes, if they left any, otherwise equally.

If there is no will, the next of kin or a close relative of the deceased will need to apply for Letters of Administration which you can do yourself via post using the form PA1A, which is a probate application form. This can be downloaded from an online probate service or from a probate registry near you.

At Probates Online, we are able to offer a professional probate service online that is efficient and affordable. If you are an Executor of a will and need to apply for Grant of Probate, Letters of Administration or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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What to Do When Someone Dies: Do You Need a Probate Solicitor?

Posted on November 9, 2021 by Vive Kumar Singh

When someone dies, it’s a very stressful, emotional time, especially if they were a close relative or family member. However, there are some procedures that must be done immediately, and some things that are legally required.

A question that always arises is, do I need a solicitor to apply for probate? In some circumstances, it is possible to apply for probate yourself but in other cases, where there’s no will or the deceased’s estate is complex, getting help from a solicitor is the best policy.

Steps to take when someone dies

Whether the deceased died at home, in hospital, in a care home or even abroad, the doctor attending will issue you with a Medical Certificate of Cause of Death. This is possibly one of the most important documents you will need.

● Register the death – you will need to register the death within 5 days, or 8 days if in Scotland. The 5-day period includes weekends and bank holidays. You will need to register the death at your local Register Office, if they died at home, or the Register Office local to the hospital/care home. Only a close relative can register the death, but if no relatives are available, it can be done by someone who was present when the person died, someone who lives in the house where the person died or someone who is arranging the funeral (but not the funeral director).

● Arrange the funeral – this can only take place after the death has been registered. It can be arranged by a funeral director on your behalf, or you can organise it yourself. In some cases, the deceased may have made their own funeral arrangements before they died.

● Advise relevant government departments – whether they are receiving benefits, allowances or a state pension, or if they are still working, you will need to notify the relevant government departments. This can be done using the Government’s Tell Us Once online service.

● Bereavement benefits – you may be eligible to receive financial support, such as the Bereavement Support payment or Guardian’s Allowance.

● Benefits, pensions and taxes – if your spouse/civil partner has died, you will need to manage theirs and your own benefits, pensions and taxes.

● Hear the will (if there is one) and deal with their estate – you may need to apply for grant of probate or letters of administration. If the deceased left a will, it advises who the beneficiaries are and other details. If there is no will, the estate will need to be valued.

Applying for probate

Whilst it isn’t compulsory in England and Wales, many people use a solicitor to apply for probate. There are quite a few legal procedures that need to be adhered to and having a solicitor handle the matter for you can greatly ease the burden, particularly if the deceased was your spouse/civil partner or close relative.

If probate is required and not applied for, the deceased’s estate cannot be accessed nor transferred to their beneficiaries and sits in limbo. Probate grants legal authority to the person that applies for it to deal with the deceased’s estate. It’s not wise to assume that assets are in joint names; it is better to check all the relevant details.

DIY probate

If you are named an executor in their will, or if there is no will but you are their next of kin, you will be responsible for completing probate for their estate. The probate process can be a lengthy process, time-consuming and if the deceased’s estate is large and/or complex, there is the potential to make mistakes, which will cause further delays and you could be held legally or financially responsible.

In some cases, using a solicitor to apply for probate may not be necessary. For example, if there is no property, land, shares or investments as part of the estate and is worth less than £5,000, and whether the deceased owned the estate outright or in joint names. But in most situations, the deceased’s bank, building society or any other financial firm may insist on probate to close their accounts and release any funds. If you choose to apply for grant of probate yourself, complete the necessary forms, including the value of the estate, working out how much inheritance tax (IHT) is due and making the payment to HMRC, liquidate (sell) any assets and distribute the estate to beneficiaries. You can opt for a DIY Probate Pack, which can be bought online, and includes all the relevant documents to be completed and provide informative guidelines on how to apply for probate. However, be aware that there is no legal support network to offer advice should an issue arise during estate administration.

Probate through a solicitor

If the deceased’s estate’s value is in excess of £5,000, including property, land, investments or shares, or a business that needs to be liquidated, or if there is no will, using a solicitor to apply for probate is the best option. Even if you are a named executor, working with a probate will take much of the burden off your shoulders and ensure you have the right legal advice on tap if you need it.

A probate solicitor will handle applying for grant of probate, or letters of administration if there is no will, as well as deal with all the legal, tax and estate administration processes. If the deceased’s estate is large or complex, i.e. involves multiple properties, extensive investments and trusts, the deceased may well have put the estate administration process into the hands of a solicitor as part of his wishes in their will.

One word of warning; some banks and solicitors have been known to charge relatives around 6% of the total value of the estate. Legally, this is not part of the probate or estate administration procedure. If you are choosing to use a solicitor to help you with the probate process, select one that offers a fixed probate fee upfront.

At Probates Online, we offer a professional probate service online that is efficient and affordable. If you are an Executor of a will or close relative of a deceased person, and you need to apply for a Grant of Probate or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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Wills, Probate and Estate Management in a Covid-19 World

Posted on November 3, 2021 by Vive Kumar Singh

The past 18 months have not been easy on many families due to the number of deaths caused by the coronavirus pandemic. In turn, the impact of Covid-19 on probate, as well as the management of wills and estates for individuals and families, has been significant.

When there are as many as 59% of the UK population without a will, the level of people dying ‘intestate’ – without a will – has been extremely high. As of April 2021, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) reported that the average wait for Grant of Probate was now 35 working days; in the last quarter of 2020, it stood at around seven weeks (40 days). However, in reality, these figures don’t reflect the real situation.

Evidence suggests that only if a Grant of Probate application wasn’t ‘stopped’ did it stand a chance of being approved within the seven-week time frame. Reasons for it being stopped, could for example, include: an error on the application, more information being required or a dispute over who is applying for Grant of Probate. In reality, applications that were ‘stopped’, which happened far more than expected, were at around 12 weeks. Ironically, applications for Letters of Administration for estates without a will took less time (around nine weeks) than those for estates with a will (around 14 weeks). One would think that having a will would ensure the application was dealt with in a timely manner.

Initially, following the first lockdown, there were fewer Grant of Probate applications. This was put down to the fact that executors were often unable to get the documents they needed, such as the will, to go with an application. Once measures had been put in place to allow access, there was a sharp increase which was felt by The Probate Registry. To reduce the time it took to register a person’s death, they started to accept electronic signatures and encouraged legal professionals (as well as executors and families) to use their digital service. That said, certain documents still needed to be sent via the post, such as the original will.

How long does probate take?

Before the pandemic, the time to complete the probate process took seven to 12 months, but that was only if the estate was simple and there was a will. If there was no will or disputes, it could take longer. Sadly, the impact of Covid-19 on probate has caused major delays, particularly if the probate process involves the sale of property.

With so many in the property market being affected by the pandemic there is still a significant backlog of probate properties to be sold. Remember, it wasn’t really until the second lockdown of 2020 when estate agents were allowed to work again in an effort to keep the economy stable. The stamp duty holiday didn’t appear to have impacted this backlog as much as was hoped, and since the SDLT holiday has ended, it did little to help the situation.

The impact of Covid-19 on staffing levels

The fact that so many legal professionals, support staff, staff in courts, the Probate Registry and HMRC had to work from home also had a major impact on the probate process and estate administration.

Although many offices are now being staffed, the impact of Covid-19 on probate is still being felt because of the backlog experienced among surveyors, probate services, conveyancing professionals and estate agents.

There is added pressure for many estate administrators from HMRC. Inheritance Tax (IHT) on an estate must be paid within six months from the date of death and prior to Grant of Probate being issued. But, if the property is the main asset and it has to be sold before any payment to HMRC can be done, it means that many families have had to find the money to pay HMRC before they see any form of funds back from the estate. Although HMRC may accept instalments while the property is being sold (with the balance being paid once funds are available), there is still only a finite amount of time.

Online probate application

In addition to the lockdowns, solicitors, lawyers and the courts were forced to work from home which resulted in the introduction of the electronic probate forms in May 2020. The Law Society and the HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) wanted legal representatives and private individuals to move over to the new online system by 18th May 2020 and submit probate applications via their new virtual paper forms. HMRC also started to send the IHT421 forms directly to the Probate Registry within 15 days of being issued.

However, there were plenty of instances where communication fell by the wayside – the legal professionals weren’t always aware the right forms had been sent to the Probate Registry and they also found HMCTS’s new online system difficult to use unless the deceased’s estate was simple.

Making a will and its execution

This is another area that was severely impacted during the pandemic. As dictated in Section 9 of the Wills Act 1837, for a will to be valid it must:

● Be in writing.
● Be signed by either the person making the will (the testator) or another person in the presence of the testator and at the direction of the testator.

In addition to this, the Act specifies that it must be signed in the presence of two or more witnesses who:

● Are present at the same time when the will is signed and they must see it signed.
● Must each attest and sign the will in the presence of the testator.

Of course, with lockdowns, social distancing and self-isolation over the past 18 months, to satisfy these requirements has become nigh on almost impossible. In Scotland, the rules were changed temporarily whereby a solicitor could act as a witness via video conference, as long as they were not an executor of the estate or any trust associated with it. However, in England and Wales, these measures were not taken, although witnessing through a window was considered acceptable.

Registering a death, applying for Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration, administering an estate, selling property, paying IHT, dealing with banks and sorting other financial assets; all these aspects have an impact on the families left behind. The impact of Covid-19 has only served to heighten the issue and, as we head into another winter and more potential restrictions, tensions are running high.

At Probates Online, we offer a professional probate service online that is efficient and affordable. If you are an executor of a will and need to apply for a Grant of Probate or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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What Is Probate and Where Do I Start?

Posted on August 19, 2021 by Vive Kumar Singh

Have you heard the term ‘probate’ but aren’t sure what it really means? Are you an executor of a will or have a relative passed away and you’re not sure where to start with probate? Don’t worry, you are not alone; we’re here to help clarify what probate is and how to manage it.

Probate is essentially the legal process that any deceased person’s estate has to go through, whether there is a will or not. But how long does probate take? Well, that depends on a number of factors. Firstly, the size of the deceased’s estate and secondly, whether the deceased has left a will that details his wishes, particularly in terms of who inherits what part of the estate.

One final factor to take into consideration is how long the probate service takes and currently, the average time to wait for Grant of Probate – the authority given to beneficiaries to proceed with administering the estate – is about five weeks.

What is probate?

Probate is the legal process by which an estate is divided after someone has died. The process includes any financial and physical assets, such as property, and how it is distributed to the beneficiaries.

Generally, if there is a will whereby the deceased has detailed who is going to inherit what in terms of money, property, or any other assets, the probate process can take up to 12 months to complete. However, if there isn’t a will in place, probate can take much longer. What will delay the process, even more, is if there are any disputes between the beneficiaries or over the administration of the estate, which is known as contentious probate.

However, there are cases where probate is not required:

If the estate is worth less than £10,000 and there are no shares or land as part of the estate. If the estate is particularly small and there is only a token amount in a bank account, the bank has the discretion as to whether they need Grant of Probate to release the funds.
If any money, i.e. bank accounts, or property are owned jointly with a spouse or civil partner.

In reality, the threshold for probate ranges from £5,000 to £50,000. Each bank or financial institution has its own policies regarding a deceased person’s assets.

If there is a will, an executor will have been appointed to administer the estate and apply for a Grant of Probate. The executor can be a family member, a friend of the deceased, or the solicitor that holds the will. If there is no will or executor, someone representing the deceased will need to apply the authority needed to administer the deceased’s estate. This is usually the next of kin and they will need to apply for a ‘grant of letters of administration’ from the court.

There are other circumstances where letters of administration are required:

You have been left the entire estate;
There are no executors named in the will;
The executors are not prepared to accept the role.

Only the executor of the estate can apply for a Grant of Probate. If there is no executor of the estate, next of kin or a close relative has to apply for letters of administration in order to handle the deceased’s estate; they are known as the administrator of the estate, not executor.

Where do I start to apply for probate?

Once the death has been registered (which is within five days), you should apply for probate within six months of the death. This is not because there is a time limit on applying for probate. It is because there is a time limit on paying HMRC any Inheritance Tax that may be applicable. In practice, reporting the estate’s value to HMRC and applying for probate is usually done at the same time as both are needed to finalise the estate.

Whether there is a will or not, the probate process is similar. The first step is to find out the value of the estate, such as money in the bank, the deceased’s belongings, and any property held in the deceased’s name (even if it is joint names, the value still needs to be ascertained). You will need to consider:

Bank accounts, pension funds and any other financial assets, such as mortgage on a property, savings and life assurance policies.
Any property, whether in joint names or not, will need to be valued by a local estate agent. It is always worth getting three to four valuations.
Any outstanding debts, such as utilities, mortgage payments, credit cards, loans or any other monies owed by the deceased.
Any gifts the deceased made that are above the official allowance within the previous seven years (not including Christmas, birthday or anniversary gifts) – they may be subject to Inheritance Tax.

In most cases, you will need a copy of the death certificate and/or will to send to the relevant organisations.

Once you have this information, it will need to be reported to HMRC who will work out if any Inheritance Tax is due. This will also tell you if you need to apply for probate or letters of administration. This process can take several months and a response from HMRC may take even longer. However, once you have the valuations, have spoken to the banks and/or financial institutions, and assessed debts and gifts, you can apply for a Grant of Probate.

Applying for probate can either be done through a solicitor, often the solicitor that holds the deceased’s will or a family solicitor, or you can file for probate yourself online. If there is a will, you will need the following to apply for probate:

An official copy of the death certificate (if applying online, this will be a scanned image);
The original will;
The application fee.

One point to note is that you can only apply for probate online if:

All the named executors are alive and able to make decisions; and
The deceased spent most of their life in England and Wales.

If there is no will, the next of kin or a close relative of the deceased will need to apply for letters of administration which you can do yourself via post using the form PA1A, which is a probate application form. You can download the forms from an online probate service or from a probate registry near you.

At Probates Online, we are able to offer a professional probate service online that is efficient and affordable. If you are an Executor of a will and need to apply for a Grant of Probate or would like to take advantage of our entire Estate Administration service, visit our website for more information or contact us today.

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